Chinese Hawthorn - NutraPedia

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Chinese Hawthorn (Crataegus pinnatifida)

1) Conditions Studied:

Chinese Hawthorn has been studied for various conditions, including but not limited to:

  • Cardiovascular diseases
  • High blood pressure (hypertension)
  • High cholesterol
  • Digestive issues
  • Chronic heart failure

2) Effectiveness for Those Conditions:

While some traditional and anecdotal evidence suggests benefits, scientific research offers mixed results:

  • There is evidence to suggest that it may help reduce symptoms of heart failure and lower blood pressure and cholesterol levels.
  • However, more rigorous and large-scale studies are needed to confirm its effectiveness and determine the appropriate dosing.

3) Health Benefits:

The purported health benefits of Chinese Hawthorn include:

  • Improving cardiac function and circulation
  • Antioxidant properties
  • Reducing inflammation
  • Assisting in digestion and reducing intestinal inflammation

4) Downsides:

Chinese Hawthorn is generally considered safe when consumed by healthy adults in food amounts; however, there can be downsides:

  • It may interact with certain medications, particularly heart-related and blood pressure drugs.
  • Potential side effects include nausea, dizziness, and palpitations, especially if consumed in excessive amounts or in concentrated extracts.
  • It should be used with caution in pregnant or breastfeeding women due to a lack of safety data.

5) Genetic Variations:

There is limited research on the interaction between Chinese Hawthorn and specific genetic variations. Some points to consider include:

  • Individuals with genetic variations affecting heart function or blood pressure regulation might experience different degrees of effectiveness or side effects.
  • Genetic differences in drug metabolism could influence how an individual responds to Chinese Hawthorn, particularly if used alongside other medications.
  • More personalized research is necessary to determine its benefits or risks for individuals with specific genetic profiles.

Research Summary on Chinese Hawthorn (Crataegus pinnatifida)

Phenolic Compounds and Antithrombotic Activity

Four novel phenolic compounds and three known ones were isolated from the leaves of Crataegus pinnatifida, with one compound, eriodectyol, showing significant antithrombotic effects in a zebrafish model.

Fruit Composition Analysis

The fruits of various hawthorn cultivars contain citric acid, quinic acid, malic acid, fructose, glucose, sorbitol, and myo-inositol, with variations in concentrations. C. scabrifolia is notably high in quinic acid, and some cultivars of C. pinnatifida var. major and C. brettschneideri have higher sugars and a sweeter taste.

Inhibitory Compounds and Anti-inflammatory Effects

Crataequinones A and B, extracted from C. pinnatifida fruits, were found to inhibit ICAM-1 expression, potentially offering anti-inflammatory benefits.

Flavonoid Isolation and Characterization

Various flavonoid compounds have been isolated from the leaves of C. pinnatifida var. major, contributing to the plant's medicinal profile.

Polyphenolic Content and Health Benefits

Chinese hawthorn fruits are rich in polyphenols, providing health benefits such as reducing cholesterol levels, anti-inflammatory effects, and potential anti-tumor properties.

Antihyperlipidemic Effects

Compounds from hawthorn fruit, particularly quercetin and hyperoside, exhibit synergistic effects in inhibiting HMGR, an enzyme involved in cholesterol synthesis, offering a potential therapeutic effect on lipid metabolism.

RP-HPLC Method for Flavonoid Measurement

A new RP-HPLC method with UV-DAD was developed for measuring flavonoids in hawthorn leaf extracts, demonstrating good linearity and precision.

Anti-inflammatory Properties of Hawthorn Fruit

Crataegus pinnatifida dried fruit extracts show significant anti-inflammatory effects, which could potentially protect the liver.

Impact on Glucose and Lipid Metabolism

Flavonoids from C. pinnatifida leaves inhibit triglyceride and glucose absorption, suggesting benefits for individuals with diabetes and high blood lipid levels.

Chemical Component Analysis

Fourteen compounds were identified from the leaves of C. pinnatifida var. major, enhancing our understanding of the plant's chemical diversity.

Anti-cancer and Cytotoxic Activities

Corosolic acid and other compounds from C. pinnatifida display cytotoxic activities against cancer cell lines and inhibit key proteins involved in cancer progression.

Improving Ursolic Acid Bioavailability

Ursolic acid, a natural triterpenoid from C. pinnatifida, showed improved liver targeting when encapsulated in phospholipid nanoparticles.

Cholesterol-lowering Effects

Hawthorn extract inhibits ACAT activity in intestinal cells, enhancing the cholesterol-lowering effects of plant sterols.

Antioxidant Properties

Extracts from C. pinnatifida exhibit antioxidant capabilities, protecting against LDL oxidation and reducing inflammation.

Health Benefits and Potential Uses

The various bioactive compounds in Chinese hawthorn contribute to its health benefits, including anti-inflammatory, gastroprotective, antioxidant, and antimicrobial properties.

References:


  1. Isolation of antithrombotic phenolic compounds from the leaves of Crataegus pinnatifida
  2. Acids, sugars, and sugar alcohols in Chinese hawthorn (Crataegus spp.) fruits
  3. Furo-1,2-naphthoquinones from Crataegus pinnatifida with ICAM-1 expression inhibition activity
  4. Flavonoid ketohexosefuranosides from the leaves of Crataegus pinnatifida Bge. var. major N.E.Br
  5. Two novel flavonoid glycosides from Crataegus pinnatifida Bge.var.major N.E.Br
  6. Polyphenolic profile and biological activity of Chinese hawthorn (Crataegus pinnatifida BUNGE) fruits
  7. Quantification of the polyphenols and triterpene acids in chinese hawthorn fruit by high-performance liquid chromatography
  8. Synergetic effect and structure-activity relationship of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitors from Crataegus pinnatifida Bge
  9. Simultaneous determination of vitexin-2"-O-glucoside, vitexin-2"-O-rhamnoside, rutin, and hyperoside in the extract of hawthorn (Crataegus pinnatifida Bge.) leaves by RP-HPLC with ultraviolet photodiode array detection
  10. Anti-inflammatory potential of flavonoid contents from dried fruit of Crataegus pinnatifida in vitro and in vivo
  11. Regulation effects of Crataegus pinnatifida leaf on glucose and lipids metabolism
  12. [Study on the chemical constituents of the leaves from Crataegus pinnatifida Bge. var. major N. E. Br]
  13. Corosolic acid isolated from the fruit of Crataegus pinnatifida var. psilosa is a protein kinase C inhibitor as well as a cytotoxic agent
  14. Cytotoxic triterpenes from Crataegus pinnatifida
  15. Preparation and body distribution of freeze-dried powder of ursolic acid phospholipid nanoparticles
  16. Triterpenic Acids Present in Hawthorn Lower Plasma Cholesterol by Inhibiting Intestinal ACAT Activity in Hamsters
  17. Simultaneous determination of vitexin-4''-O-glucoside and vitexin-2''-O-rhamnoside from Hawthorn leaves flavonoids in rat plasma by HPLC method and its application to pharmacokinetic studies
  18. Inhibitory effect of hot-water extract from dried fruit of Crataegus pinnatifida on low-density lipoprotein (LDL) oxidation in cell and cell-free systems
  19. Pharmacokinetics of vitexin-4″-O-glucoside in rats after intravenous application
  20. LC determination and pharmacokinetic study of hyperoside in rat plasma after intravenous administration
  21. Regulation effects on abnormal glucose and lipid metabolism of TZQ-F, a new kind of Traditional Chinese Medicine
  22. Decrease of blood lipids induced by Shan-Zha (fruit of Crataegus pinnatifida) is mainly related to an increase of PPARα in liver of mice fed high-fat diet
  23. Effect of shanzha, a Chinese herbal product, on obesity and dyslipidemia in hamsters receiving high-fat diet
  24. [The inhibition activity of chemical constituents in hawthorn fruit and their synergistic action to HMG-CoA reductase]
  25. Anti-inflammatory effect of the water fraction from hawthorn fruit on LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells
  26. Anti-inflammatory activity of hyperoside through the suppression of nuclear factor-κB activation in mouse peritoneal macrophages
  27. Identification of potential and selective collagenase, gelatinase inhibitors from Crataegus pinnatifida
  28. Anti-inflammatory, gastroprotective, free-radical-scavenging, and antimicrobial activities of hawthorn berries ethanol extract
  29. Prevention effect in selenite-induced cataract in vivo and antioxidative effects in vitro of Crataegus pinnatifida leaves
  30. An extract of Crataegus pinnatifida fruit attenuates airway inflammation by modulation of matrix metalloproteinase-9 in ovalbumin induced asthma
  31. Amelioration effects of traditional Chinese medicine on alcohol-induced fatty liver
  32. Effects of polyphenols derived from fruit of Crataegus pinnatifida on cell transformation, dermal edema and skin tumor formation by phorbol ester application
  33. Hair growth activity of Crataegus pinnatifida on C57BL/6 mouse model


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