DMAE (Dimethylaminoethanol) Overview

1. Conditions Studied for DMAE

DMAE has been studied for various conditions including:

• Cognitive decline
• Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)
• Alzheimer's disease
• Dementia
• Aging skin
• Mood disorders

2. Efficacy in Treating Conditions

The effectiveness of DMAE in treating these conditions is mixed and often inconclusive. Some studies suggest potential benefits in improving cognitive function and treating ADHD, while others show little to no improvement. The evidence for its effectiveness in treating Alzheimer's and dementia is limited.

3. Health Benefits of DMAE

Reported health benefits of DMAE include:

• Enhanced memory and brain function
• Potential improvement in mood and energy levels
• Anti-aging effects on the skin, such as reduced fine lines and wrinkles

4. Downsides of DMAE

DMAE may have some downsides, including:

• Possible side effects such as headaches, insomnia, and muscle tension
• Lack of conclusive evidence for its effectiveness
• Potential interaction with other medications or health conditions

5. DMAE's Impact on Genetic Variations

There is limited research on the relationship between DMAE and specific genetic variations. As of the current state of knowledge, it is not well-established whether DMAE is particularly beneficial or harmful for individuals with certain genetic variations. More research is needed in this area to draw definitive conclusions.

Summary on DMAE Research

The Role of DMAE in Aging: Dimethylaminoethanol (DMAE) is a component of centrophenoxine and has been studied for its potential anti-aging effects. Research suggests that DMAE reduces protein cross-linking in the brain and liver of aging rats, possibly by acting as a free-radical scavenger, thus supporting the "membrane hypothesis of aging".

DMAE as a Hydroxyl Radical Scavenger: DMAE has been shown to effectively capture hydroxyl (OH) free radicals, which are known to cause cellular damage. Studies using electron spin resonance spectroscopy confirmed the reduction of OH free radicals in the presence of DMAE, indicating its potential protective role against free-radical-induced aging.

DMAE's Efficacy in Clinical Trials: The clinical efficacy of DMAE-containing compounds in cognitive function and movement disorders has been explored, with varying results. A study on a pro-cholinergic drug containing DMAE for prodromal Alzheimer's disease did not show significant cognitive benefits, while the effectiveness of cholinergic drugs, including DMAE for tardive dyskinesia (TD), remains uncertain.

DMAE in Cosmetic Dermatology: A 3% DMAE facial gel demonstrated effectiveness in improving signs of aging skin, such as forehead lines and periorbital wrinkles. The gel was well-tolerated and considered safe for long-term use, showing immediate skin-firming effects and moderate anti-inflammatory properties.

Impact of DMAE on Skin Firmness and Hydration: Studies have shown that DMAE-containing gels increase skin firmness and hydration, with significant effects observed in areas with natural looseness. Furthermore, DMAE may improve skin dermal thickness and collagen fiber thickness, suggesting its beneficial effects on skin structure and function.

DMAE and Neural Development: The impact of DMAE on choline metabolism during embryonic development was investigated, revealing that DMAE reduces choline uptake and synthesis of various choline metabolites. This indicates that disturbances in choline metabolism, such as those caused by DMAE, can contribute to neural tube defects.

Enzymatic Activity Affected by DMAE: Research into the conversion of phosphatidylethanolamine to phosphatidylcholine in bovine adrenal medulla microsomes indicates that DMAE can hinder the activity of key methyltransferase enzymes involved in this process.

References:

1. On the role of cross-linking of cellular proteins in aging
2. Electron spin resonance spectroscopic demonstration of the hydroxyl free radical scavenger properties of dimethylaminoethanol in spin trapping experiments confirming the molecular basis for the biological effects of centrophenoxine
3. Effect of six months of treatment with V0191 in patients with suspected prodromal Alzheimer's disease
4. Systematic review of cholinergic drugs for neuroleptic-induced tardive dyskinesia: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
5. Therapeutic strategies against tardive dyskinesia. Two decades of experience
6. The treatment of tardive dyskinesia--a systematic review and meta-analysis
7. The role of dimethylaminoethanol in cosmetic dermatology
8. Split face study on the cutaneous tensile effect of 2-dimethylaminoethanol (deanol) gel
9. In vivo skin effects of a dimethylaminoethanol (DMAE) based formulation
10. Perturbations in choline metabolism cause neural tube defects in mouse embryos in vitro
11. Identification and properties of two methyltransferases in conversion of phosphatidylethanolamine to phosphatidylcholine

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