Research Summary on Myricetin

Health Implications of Myricetin

Myricetin is a flavonol found in various plants with notable health implications. Studies show that myricetin positively affects blood sugar levels, insulin resistance, and antioxidant capacities, making it a compound of interest in diabetes management and oxidative stress mitigation.

Myricetin's Role in Metabolic Processes

Myricetin has been observed to enhance glucose utilization and glycogen metabolism in diabetic rats. Its intake leads to improved insulin sensitivity and the restoration of proteins involved in glucose uptake and insulin signaling. Additionally, myricetin stimulates glucose transport and lipogenesis in rat fat cells, and its supplementation could potentially reduce oxidative injury in bone diseases related to diabetes.

Myricetin and Longevity

Research involving the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans suggests that myricetin extends lifespan by reducing reactive oxygen species and aiding in the movement of the DAF-16 transcription factor into the nucleus. Its effects on longevity and antioxidant properties are also seen in a study where it increased the lifespan of wild-type C. elegans.

Pharmacokinetic Interactions

Myricetin has been shown to influence the pharmacokinetics of tamoxifen, a breast cancer drug, by inhibiting enzymes and transport proteins involved in drug metabolism and enhancing the drug's bioavailability.

Myricetin in Traditional Medicine

Traditional Chinese medicine recognizes myricetin's potential, with studies confirming its strong inhibitory interaction with the human aromatase enzyme, suggesting its use in treating conditions like hormone-dependent cancers.

Myricetin's Antioxidant and Pro-Oxidant Behavior

Depending on environmental conditions, myricetin can act as either an antioxidant or a pro-oxidant. Its antioxidant properties are attributed to its ability to scavenge reactive oxygen species and chelate iron ions, while its pro-oxidative effects result from the reduction of oxygen to reactive oxygen species and iron(III) to iron(II).

Myricetin in Fertility and Reproductive Health

Myricetin has been found to affect human sperm function, where low doses improved sperm motility and viability. It also alters circadian rhythm by inhibiting the enzyme AANAT, which could potentially be used to treat related disorders.

Myricetin's Influence on Estrogenic Activity

Myricetin, along with other compounds found in red wine, can activate estrogen receptors and promote cancer cell proliferation. This estrogenic activity may contribute to the risk of breast tumors in postmenopausal women. Its consumption also increases aromatase expression in the rat hippocampus, potentially supporting neuroprotective effects.

Conclusion

Myricetin exhibits diverse biological activities, including metabolic regulation, lifespan extension, pharmacokinetic interactions, and potential therapeutic applications. Its ability to interact with various biological pathways highlights its importance in medicinal research and its potential for developing new treatments for a range of health conditions.

References:

1. Effect of Blueberin on fasting glucose, C-reactive protein and plasma aminotransferases, in female volunteers with diabetes type 2: double-blind, placebo controlled clinical study
2. Reversed phase-HPLC for rapid determination of polyphenols in flowers of rose species
3. Synergistic and antagonistic interactions of phenolic compounds found in navel oranges
4. Microwave-assisted efficient extraction of different parts of Hippophae rhamnoides for the comparative evaluation of antioxidant activity and quantification of its phenolic constituents by reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC)
5. [Bioactive constituents of Chinese natural medicines. III. Absolute stereostructures of new dihydroflavonols, hovenitins I, II, and III, isolated from hoveniae semen seu fructus, the seed and fruit of Hovenia dulcis THUNB. (Rhamnaceae): inhibitory effect on alcohol-induced muscular relaxation and hepatoprotective activity]
6. Flavonoid content in leaf extracts of the fig (Ficus carica L.), carob (Ceratonia siliqua L.) and pistachio (Pistacia lentiscus L.)
7. Flavonoid (myricetin, quercetin, kaempferol, luteolin, and apigenin) content of edible tropical plants
8. Changes in phenolic compounds in garlic (Allium sativum L.) owing to the cultivar and location of growth
9. Myricetin-mediated lifespan extension in Caenorhabditis elegans is modulated by DAF-16
10. Exploration of pro-oxidant and antioxidant activities of the flavonoid myricetin
11. The aqueous extract of Hibiscus sabdariffa calices modulates the production of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 in humans
12. Inhibitory effects of flavonoids on phosphodiesterase isozymes from guinea pig and their structure-activity relationships
13. Screening of herbal constituents for aromatase inhibitory activity
14. Inhibitory effect of luteolin on estrogen biosynthesis in human ovarian granulosa cells by suppression of aromatase (CYP19)
15. Red wine interferes with oestrogen signalling in rat hippocampus
16. Effects of myricetin, an anticancer compound, on the bioavailability and pharmacokinetics of tamoxifen and its main metabolite, 4-hydroxytamoxifen, in rats
17. Structural features and bioavailability of four flavonoids and their implications for lifespan-extending and antioxidant actions in C. elegans
18. Adaptive responses to oxidative damage in three mutants of Caenorhabditis elegans (age-1, mev-1 and daf-16) that affect life span
19. A defect in the cytochrome b large subunit in complex II causes both superoxide anion overproduction and abnormal energy metabolism in Caenorhabditis elegans
20. The flavonoid myricetin reduces nocturnal melatonin levels in the blood through the inhibition of serotonin N-acetyltransferase
21. Improvement of insulin sensitivity in obese Zucker rats by myricetin extracted from Abelmoschus moschatus
22. Myricetin, a naturally occurring flavonol, ameliorates insulin resistance induced by a high-fructose diet in rats
23. Myricetin as the active principle of Abelmoschus moschatus to lower plasma glucose in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats
24. Effects of myricetin on glycemia and glycogen metabolism in diabetic rats
25. Myricetin, a naturally occurring flavonoid, prevents 2-deoxy-D-ribose induced dysfunction and oxidative damage in osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells
26. The red wine phenolics piceatannol and myricetin act as agonists for estrogen receptor alpha in human breast cancer cells
27. Red wine consumption may affect sperm biology: the effects of different concentrations of the phytoestrogen myricetin on human male gamete function
28. Estrogen receptor (ER)alpha and ER beta are both expressed in human ejaculated spermatozoa: evidence of their direct interaction with phosphatidylinositol-3-OH kinase/Akt pathway
29. Total acrosin activity correlates with fertility potential after fertilization in vitro