Pelargonidin has been studied for its potential effects on various conditions including cardiovascular diseases, obesity, diabetes, and cancer. Research has also looked into its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties and how these might influence chronic diseases.
While some studies suggest that pelargonidin may have beneficial effects due to its antioxidant properties, the evidence is not conclusive. It is not currently recognized as a standard treatment for any of the conditions it has been studied for, and more research is needed to determine its effectiveness.
Pelargonidin is known for its antioxidant properties, which may help protect cells from damage caused by free radicals. It may also have anti-inflammatory effects and contribute to the prevention of chronic diseases. Additionally, pelargonidin might play a role in improving vascular health and has been investigated for its potential in weight management and glucose metabolism.
As a natural compound found in berries and other fruits, pelargonidin is generally considered safe when consumed as part of a balanced diet. However, the long-term effects and safety of pelargonidin supplements are not well-studied. High doses could potentially interfere with certain medications or have unknown side effects.
There is limited research on the interaction between pelargonidin and specific genetic variations. Some studies suggest that genetic differences may affect how individuals metabolize flavonoids like pelargonidin, which could influence the compound's health effects. However, more research is needed to identify particular genetic variations that may dictate whether pelargonidin is beneficial or harmful.
Pelargonidin and Strawberry Antioxidants: A study revealed that a strawberry drink, high in antioxidants, can significantly reduce inflammation and improve insulin sensitivity after a high-carbohydrate, moderate-fat meal. This is attributed to the rise of strawberry-derived compounds in the blood.
Antioxidant Synergy and Antagonism: Research into strawberry phenolic compounds shows that combinations of these compounds can have synergistic or antagonistic effects on antioxidant capacity, which is explained by a model considering reduction potentials and compound concentrations.
Anthocyanin Degradation and Metabolism: During digestion, the stability of anthocyanins varies, and their degradation products are metabolized by the human liver into glucuronide conjugates. Pelargonidin, specifically, yields two additional glucuronide conjugates after ingestion.
Pelargonidin Bioavailability in Rats: Pelargonidin is absorbed into the bloodstream, detected in plasma and urine as pelargonidin glucuronide. It's found in high levels in the kidneys and liver shortly after ingestion but is not detectable in tissues 18 hours post-administration.
Strawberry Antioxidants and Metabolism in Humans: Consumption of strawberries leads to increased levels of vitamin C and the identification of pelargonidin metabolites in urine, suggesting that the human body can absorb and metabolize these compounds.
Anthocyanins in Diet and Obesity: In mice, purified anthocyanins from strawberries and blueberries reduced obesity and improved lipid profiles, while whole berries did not produce the same effect.
Marionberry Anthocyanins in Pigs: After consuming marionberry powder, pigs excreted anthocyanins and their metabolites in urine, with pelargonidin-3-glucoside showing a higher excretion rate than cyanidin-based anthocyanins.
Pelargonidin Dose-Response in Humans: A clinical study demonstrated that the excretion of pelargonidin metabolites in urine is proportional to the amount of strawberries consumed, indicating efficient absorption and metabolism.
Pelargonidin with Cream in Humans: The presence of cream delays the peak concentration of pelargonidin metabolites in the plasma but does not significantly alter the maximum concentration or the total 24-hour excretion pattern.
Pelargonidin Metabolism After Strawberry Consumption: Post-consumption of strawberries, pelargonidin-3-glucoside is metabolized and excreted as various glucuronide and sulfoconjugate metabolites, primarily as a monoglucuronide.
Pelargonidin and Diabetic Neuropathy: Pelargonidin administration reduces neuropathic pain in diabetic rats by decreasing oxidative stress, suggesting potential therapeutic use for diabetic neuropathy.
Pelargonidin on Diabetic Rats: Treatment with pelargonidin in diabetic rats normalized blood glucose and insulin levels, reduced oxidative stress, and counteracted the effects of glycated hemoglobin.
Pelargonidin in Parkinson's Disease Model: Pelargonidin exhibited neuroprotective effects in rats with induced hemi-parkinsonism, suggesting potential benefits for treating Parkinson's disease.
Strawberry Anthocyanin Bioavailability: The bioavailability of pelargonidin-3-glucoside increases with the oral dose consumed, and its metabolites were detectable in human urine.
Glucose Uptake Inhibition by Polyphenols: Strawberry and apple polyphenols, including pelargonidin-3-O-glucoside, can inhibit glucose uptake and transport in human intestinal cells, affecting glucose transporter activity.
Flavonoid Reducing Ability: Among various tested flavonoids, some, including pelargonidin, effectively reduce ferrylmyoglobin to metmyoglobin, with flavonols being especially efficient.
Hydroxycinnamic Acids and Antioxidant Properties: Hydroxycinnamic acids have a variable ability to quench singlet oxygen, with a noted relationship between their reduction potentials and quenching rates.