Salacia Reticulata: A Promising Ayurvedic Medicine for Diabetes and Arthritis

Diabetes Treatment: Kotalanol, a compound from Salacia reticulata, exhibits strong inhibitory effects on alpha-glucosidase, potentially surpassing traditional treatments like salacinol and acarbose. This suggests its promise as a diabetes treatment. A new compound from Salacia reticulata displays potent alpha-glucosidase inhibitory activity, potentially offering a novel diabetes treatment approach. Additionally, Salacia reticulata root impacts various metabolic pathways, improving conditions like type 2 diabetes and dyslipidemia.

Obesity and Metabolic Diseases: Salacia reticulata has been shown to reduce body weight and fat accumulation in mouse models of obesity and type II diabetes. It also inhibits fat accumulation in adipocyte precursor cells, suggesting a preventative role against obesity.

Rheumatoid Arthritis: Hot-water extract from Salacia reticulata leaves inhibits cell proliferation and gene expression in a synoviocyte-like cell line from arthritic mice, pointing to its potential in treating rheumatoid arthritis.

Other Salacia Species: Research on Salacia oblonga reveals its ability to lower post-meal blood glucose and insulin levels, suggesting benefits for managing type 2 diabetes. Salacia chinensis extracts show hepatoprotective properties and the potential to act as antihyperlipidemic agents.

Conclusions: The various studies highlight the therapeutic potential of Salacia species, particularly Salacia reticulata, in treating metabolic disorders like diabetes and obesity, as well as rheumatoid arthritis. The efficacy of Salacia extracts in reducing blood sugar and fat levels, combined with their historical use in Ayurvedic medicine, underscores their significance in contemporary medical research.

References:

1. Kotalanol, a potent alpha-glucosidase inhibitor with thiosugar sulfonium sulfate structure, from antidiabetic ayurvedic medicine Salacia reticulata
2. Anti-proliferative effects of Salacia reticulata leaves hot-water extract on interleukin-1β-activated cells derived from the synovium of rheumatoid arthritis model mice
3. Salacia root, a unique Ayurvedic medicine, meets multiple targets in diabetes and obesity
4. Effect of nectar on microbial antagonists evaluated for use in control of fire blight of pome fruits
5. In silico design, synthesis and evaluation of 3'-O-benzylated analogs of salacinol, a potent α-glucosidase inhibitor isolated from an Ayurvedic traditional medicine "Salacia"
6. Metabolic disease prevention and suppression of fat accumulation by Salacia reticulata
7. Alpha-glucosidase inhibitor from Kothala-himbutu (Salacia reticulata WIGHT)
8. Extract of Salacia oblonga lowers acute glycemia in patients with type 2 diabetes
9. Beneficial effect of galectin 9 on rheumatoid arthritis by induction of apoptosis of synovial fibroblasts
10. Preventive Effects of Salacia reticulata on Obesity and Metabolic Disorders in TSOD Mice
11. Effects of a medical food containing an herbal alpha-glucosidase inhibitor on postprandial glycemia and insulinemia in healthy adults
12. Synovium as a source of increased amino-terminal parathyroid hormone-related protein expression in rheumatoid arthritis. A possible role for locally produced parathyroid hormone-related protein in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis
13. Structural characterization of lipid A obtained from Pantoea agglomerans lipopolysaccharide
14. [Polyphenol constituents from Salacia species: quantitative analysis of mangiferin with alpha-glucosidase and aldose reductase inhibitory activities]
15. In vitro adsorption revealing an apparent strong interaction between endophyte Pantoea agglomerans YS19 and host rice
16. Chemical structures and hepatoprotective effects of constituents from the leaves of Salacia chinensis
17. Salacia reticulata and its polyphenolic constituents with lipase inhibitory and lipolytic activities have mild antiobesity effects in rats
18. A mixture of Salacia oblonga extract and IP-PA1 reduces fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels
19. Isolation of endophytic diazotroph Pantoea agglomerans and nondiazotroph Enterobacter asburiae from sweetpotato stem in Japan
20. A double blind randomised placebo controlled cross over study of a herbal preparation containing Salacia reticulata in the treatment of type 2 diabetes
21. A new 1,3-diketofriedelane triterpene from Salacia verrucosa
22. New triterpene constituents, foliasalacins A(1)-A(4), B(1)-B(3), and C, from the leaves of Salacia chinensis
23. Salacia oblonga root improves postprandial hyperlipidemia and hepatic steatosis in Zucker diabetic fatty rats: activation of PPAR-alpha
24. Antihyperlipidemic activity of Salacia chinensis root extracts in triton-induced and atherogenic diet-induced hyperlipidemic rats
25. Effects of a nutritional supplement containing Salacia oblonga extract and insulinogenic amino acids on postprandial glycemia, insulinemia, and breath hydrogen responses in healthy adults
26. New triterpenes from Salacia hainanensis Chun et How with α-glucosidase inhibitory activity
27. Association of rheumatoid arthritis and primary osteoarthritis with changes in the glycosylation pattern of total serum IgG
28. Salacia oblonga improves cardiac fibrosis and inhibits postprandial hyperglycemia in obese Zucker rats
29. Nephroprotective and antioxidant activities of Salacia oblonga on acetaminophen-induced toxicity in rats
30. Lipopolysaccharide: an endotoxin or an exogenous hormone?
31. Salacia reticulata inhibits differentiation of 3T3-L1 adipocytes
32. Salacia oblonga root improves cardiac lipid metabolism in Zucker diabetic fatty rats: modulation of cardiac PPAR-alpha-mediated transcription of fatty acid metabolic genes
33. Nephroprotective role of salacia chinensis in diabetic CKD patients: a pilot study
34. A study on the hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects of an ayurvedic drug Rajanyamalakadi in diabetic patients
35. Hypoglycemic effect of 13-membered ring thiocyclitol, a novel alpha-glucosidase inhibitor from Kothala-himbutu (Salacia reticulata)
36. Applications of lipopolysaccharide derived from Pantoea agglomerans (IP-PA1) for health care based on macrophage network theory
37. Quantitative analysis of neosalacinol and neokotalanol, another two potent α-glucosidase inhibitors from Salacia species, by LC-MS with ion pair chromatography