MYH-associated polyposis (MAP), also known as adenomas, multiple colorectal, FAP type 2 (MAP2) or colorectal adenomatous polyposis, autosomal recessive, with pilomatricomas, is a rare, inherited condition that affects the digestive system. MAP is caused by mutations in the MYH gene, which provides instructions for making a protein that helps repair DNA damage. MAP is characterized by the development of multiple polyps (growths) in the colon and rectum, which can increase the risk of developing colorectal cancer. People with MAP may also develop other types of tumors, such as pilomatricomas, which are skin tumors that develop from cells that form hair. The diagnosis of MAP is usually made through a combination of genetic testing, medical history, and physical exam, as well as through imaging tests and other diagnostic tests. Management of MAP may include regular monitoring for polyps and tumors, as well as surgery to remove affected tissues. In some cases, preventive surgery to remove the entire colon may be necessary to reduce the risk of colorectal cancer. Early diagnosis and management are important to prevent or minimize the effects of the condition and to reduce the risk of long-term complications, such as heart disease, stroke, and damage to the eyes, nerves, and kidneys.
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