Eczema, also known as atopic dermatitis, is a common skin condition characterized by dry, itchy, and inflamed patches of skin. It often appears on the face, hands, feet, and creases of the body, such as behind the knees and elbows.
The exact cause of eczema is not known, but it is thought to be related to a combination of genetic and environmental factors. It is more common in individuals with a family history of eczema, asthma, or hay fever.
Treatment for eczema may depend on the severity of the condition. Mild cases may be treated with over-the-counter moisturizers and corticosteroid creams or ointments to reduce inflammation and itching. Moderate to severe cases may require prescription-strength medications, such as topical or oral corticosteroids, immunomodulators, or phototherapy.
In addition to medical treatments, there are lifestyle changes that may help manage eczema, such as avoiding harsh soaps and detergents, taking short and lukewarm baths or showers, using a humidifier, and wearing loose and breathable clothing. A dermatologist can help determine the best treatment options for an individual's specific type and severity of eczema.
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